Therefore, it can be stated that teachers often focus more on teaching rather than learning. When teachers are designing lessons, units, or courses, they often focus on the activities and instruction rather than the outputs of the instruction. In Understanding by Design, Wiggins and McTighe argue that backward design is focused primarily on student learning and understanding. Curriculum should lay out the most effective ways of achieving specific results… in short, the best designs derive backward from the learnings sought.” “Our lessons, units, and courses should be logically inferred from the results sought, not derived from the methods, books, and activities with which we are most comfortable. Finally, an overview of a backward design template is provided with links to blank template pages for convenience. Then it will elaborate on the three stages that backward design encompasses. This teaching guide will explain the benefits of incorporating backward design. For this reason, backward design is considered a much more intentional approach to course design than traditional methods of design. The backward design framework suggests that instructors should consider these overarching learning goals and how students will be assessed prior to consideration of how to teach the content. Once the learning goals have been established, the second stage involves consideration of assessment. These learning goals embody the knowledge and skills instructors want their students to have learned when they leave the course. In contrast, the backward design approach has instructors consider the learning goals of the course first. Understanding by Design is a book written by Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe that offers a framework for designing courses and content units called “Backward Design.” Instructors typically approach course design in a “forward design” manner, meaning they consider the learning activities (how to teach the content), develop assessments around their learning activities, then attempt to draw connections to the learning goals of the course. Vanderbilt University Center for Teaching.
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